# The Quantral glossary > Plain-English definitions of the finance and investing terms behind Quantral's signals. Full page: https://quantral.com/glossary ### Bagholder An investor left holding a position that has fallen sharply, often after buying into late-stage hype. ### Bearish Expecting a stock or the market to fall. A bearish post argues the case for downside or caution. ### Bullish Expecting a stock or the market to rise. A bullish post argues the case for upside. ### Catalyst An event that can move a stock: earnings, a product launch, a trial readout, a regulatory decision. Signal often builds around an upcoming catalyst. Deeper: https://quantral.com/learn/what-is-a-catalyst ### Conviction How strongly a voice backs a call, often signalled by position sizing or how forcefully it is argued. High conviction from a credible voice carries more weight. ### Due diligence (DD) The research you do before investing. On Reddit, a 'DD' post lays out a thesis in detail, though a confident write-up is not the same as a correct one. ### Finance X The finance and investing corner of X (formerly Twitter), one of the main public sources Quantral reads. Deeper: https://quantral.com/learn/reddit-vs-x-stock-signals ### Float The number of a company's shares available to trade publicly. A low float can make a stock more volatile and easier to squeeze. Deeper: https://quantral.com/learn/what-is-a-low-float-stock ### Gamma squeeze A price spike driven by options dealers hedging call options, which can amplify a move well beyond the underlying news. Deeper: https://quantral.com/learn/what-is-a-gamma-squeeze ### Market sentiment The overall mood of the crowd toward a stock or the market, bullish, bearish, or neutral. Sentiment can move price before the fundamentals do. Deeper: https://quantral.com/learn/what-is-market-sentiment ### Mentions Individual public posts referencing a company. Quantral scores their volume, sentiment, and the credibility of who posted them. ### Noise High-volume, low-information chatter that looks like signal but is not. Separating signal from noise is the entire point. ### Pump and dump A scheme that hypes a stock to drive the price up, then sells into the buyers it attracted. Social signal can be manipulated, which is why track records matter. Deeper: https://quantral.com/learn/how-to-spot-a-pump-and-dump ### Sentiment breakdown The split of a stock's conversation into bullish, bearish, and neutral, rather than a single mood label. The breakdown often tells you more than the headline tone. Deeper: https://quantral.com/learn/how-to-read-a-sentiment-breakdown ### Short squeeze A sharp rally that forces short sellers to buy back shares to cover, pushing the price up even faster. Violent and hard to time. Deeper: https://quantral.com/learn/what-is-a-short-squeeze ### Signal score (0–100) Quantral's headline number for a company. Higher means a stronger current signal, weighing both the volume of activity and the track record of the voices driving it. It is not a price target or a guarantee of returns. ### Smart money Institutional and experienced investors presumed to be better informed than the retail crowd. Telling the two apart is half the battle. Deeper: https://quantral.com/learn/smart-money-vs-the-crowd ### Stock signal A read on how much, and how credibly, a stock is being discussed across public posts and news right now. Quantral distills it into a single 0–100 score with a one-line reason. Deeper: https://quantral.com/learn/what-is-a-stock-signal ### Track record A voice's history of calls and how often they actually played out. Quantral grades every account on its public record and weights the consistently-right ones more heavily. Deeper: https://quantral.com/learn/how-a-track-record-is-graded ### Trusted voice An account whose past calls have earned it more weight in Quantral's scoring. Credibility is measured, not assumed.